The economic law: the "world factory" mode of the rope (2)

Zhejiang China's economy one of the most active, but the rapid growth of their economy is on the water, electricity, coal, oil, and other basic resources of the predatory use of Zhejiang in overall shortage crisis for China's "world factory" of the economy made a serious challenge.

Located in Wenzhou City Yandang mountain to the East of the town of head, in 20 years ago or a rural market town, today is the largest finished leather export supply base, Asia's largest production base of pig leather, nearly 600 tanning enterprises with an annual 30 billion, of which the output value exceeding 100 million yuan of tanning enterprises nearly 10.

All along, the head town of the leather industry is the Wenzhou economic success of a typical. However, now there is a rope is Le leather in the head, neck, and more-tight. The rope is the lack of water.

Originally, aojiang town bordering the head because the water is rich in its name, this is it quickly developed into the "China leather are" an important factor. In the tanning process, nearly 10 times the repeated washing needs endless water. A common technological level of medium-sized enterprises, processing a ton of water consumption of pig skin in 80 tons.

But the head town of the water consumption of leather to Western European countries 6 x-8 x. More seriously, for rinsing procedure, add a large number of the additive, the drainage of the leather shop has made aojiang becomes dark and smelly, 2003, the head of tanning pollution were national and provincial environmental protection Bureau as "national top ten priority pollution sources" and "Zhejiang Province IX, one of the major pollution case".

Head town however is a representative only. Known as "China knitting city" Ningbo Xiangshan County Jue shi town, in 1985, when the whole town enterprises have 36, 2 km2 area built on more than 500 enterprises, of which more than 100 new 2003. Jue XI Party Committee Secretary Sun guohua said, if not administrative regional adjustment and development paek'am Saltworks, 2 years-3 years after its river industry will have no space for development, and a serious water shortage to Jue Brook knitted cotton Enterprise per ton increased 1000 Yuan above cost of production, combined with electricity, oil and raw material deprivation, 2004, 1-2 months, the whole town above-scale industrial enterprises of profit was a negative growth 65.1 per cent.

Due to the lack of water, Zhejiang had to a large number of underground mining, lead directly to ground subsidence. At the end of 2003, the settlement area Ningbo city covers an area of 175 square kilometers, the whole city of Ningbo has become a huge dish depression. According to the relevant departments of the estimation of Ningbo city, continued for decades ground subsidence, has resulted in $ 4 billion in economic losses.

Not only is water and electricity. In 2003, Zhejiang suffered a serious shortage of power "," a national scope, shedding the largest and most provinces power shortage. In many industrial city of Zhejiang Province, in the shopping street is lined with shops, on every front are placed with a generator, circadian machine sound roaring, serious power shortage lead generator, gasoline, diesel very marketable.

Even people who are in short supply. Zhejiang huzhou Zhili town area is called "China's capital", in the less than 10 million people in the small town, brought together more than 8800, in which private enterprise's clothing manufacturers for more than 5700, 2003 count more than 200. The rapid expansion of industrial clusters, which led to labor supply also fully lag, the vast majority of half of the workers of enterprises vacancies. Zhili town labor market staff Shen water chapter tells the magazine, this perennial lack of 10 000 or more workers.

Comprehensive shortage on Zhejiang high consumption of manufacturing model proposed challenges. Although this pattern casting Zhejiang economic glory, but also for the whole of China for the "world factory" of the title.

Growth limit

In fact, Zhejiang model of economic growth has reached its limit.

According to the estimates of Zhejiang Province, the 2003 SARS on Zhejiang economic impact approximately 0.3 percentage points, while the electricity shortage, La shedding resulting GDP losses is 0.6 percentage points.

Due to the electricity supply gap is large, nearly half of Zhejiang enterprises had taken up the electric power generation. As diesel prices, tight supply, plus a small electric power generation equipment depreciation and artificial, and other factors, a kilowatt of costs than larger power about double. Corporate costs rising sharply.

And regular la shedding, product quality, increase scrap, indirectly raise the cost of production. Such as cotton textile enterprises, suddenly will cause breakage of spinning, spinning, weaving "car stalls" defects, and other quality loss.

But on the other hand, Zhejiang products basically concentrated in the low-end market, market competition is very fierce, Enterprise it difficult to increase the cost of fully passed on to consumers, the enterprise profit greatly narrowed. According to the Zhejiang Provincial capital increase team of 187 companies, while production costs are higher, but the product sale price rise in 30% of the enterprises only 10.2%.

More seriously, a lot of enterprise production tasks are difficult to maintain. According to Hangzhou iron and steel group co., Ltd about EAF, in January of this year, due to the limited power of influence, stopped 550 minutes per minute 2.5 tons of production capacity, less production in the month of January has 1200 tons of steel.

In Zhejiang Provincial capital-team investigation of 187 companies, 54.5% of enterprises can't finish the 2003 export order tasks, of which 2/3 or more enterprises were foreign claims. Corporate reputation is seriously affected, on the other hand, the business can't be easily received orders for more than half of the enterprises export orders decreased by 20%.

Zhejiang investment environment has deteriorated sharply. Universal power supply for the future foreign concerned, some foreign companies to invest in Zhejiang began to take a wait-and-see attitude, wait. According to Wenzhou Longgang town business do reflect, in 2003 the town introduced 12 annual output value exceeding 100 million yuan of enterprises, 6 companies have invested, but

Six companies due to supply shortage still in wait-and-see, not dare invest, and divestment of May.

Some enterprises have begun to forced relocation. According to the Cangnan, Pingyang plastic packaging processing industry reflect, 2003 and is part of the plastic packaging enterprises moving Shandong, Sichuan, a good supply of electricity and electricity prices are low (Shandong per kilowatt hour of electricity 0.35) invest.

Let shoes into doing brand

May 8, Zhejiang Bureau of discipline leader Qin-provincial environmental quality of the news conference, East of serious power shortage situation, some local Governments encourage enterprise-owned national ban and phase-out of small motor, while the fruit faster, but he felt that this was a short-term behavior, small generators of power generation, energy costs are high.

Then create a new power plant is not the solution? since 2003, the rise of a stock around built dam, built power plants, it is understood that the current wait for national development and Reform Commission approved power station projects up to 3000 million kilowatts, almost equivalent to build 20 gezhouba.

But in General, a 100 million kW of thermal power plant construction period is 3 years or so, but 3 years after coal and transport it will ease the tension, it is also in demand would be reduced, even more importantly, the nation's only Shanghai, Nanjing, Harbin, three or four families, although electromechanical equipment manufacturers import, market shortage of electricity generator is also.

Comprehensive shortage crisis already let Zhejiang realized that in order to fundamentally solve the problem, it is necessary to uproot the reverse the precipitous economic growth mode.

Qin-said, the current shortage of time, the low level, high energy consumption, high emissions of electric Tiger enterprises, such as electrolytic aluminum, metallurgy, building materials industry of electricity consumption to the strict restrictions, so that the power to those who represent the industrialization of the industry, as well as the living, not only solve the immediate problem, but also the progressive realization of the objectives of industrial restructuring.

In June of this year, the national development and Reform Commission will formally announced the restructuring of the provisional regulations on the direction, the direction of the adjustment of industrial structure and priorities identified as: "support to promote the use of energy saving, energy, water conservation, environmental protection, advanced technology equipment and products, forcing out high quality, pollution big bad backward production capacity, technology and products", some "high consumption, pollution and poor quality of the enterprise" will be forced to close.

Wenzhou University School of Economics, Vice President Zhang a force, said the entire Zhejiang region are manufacturing, not like doing chip, CD, investment in intellectual and material, you must increase the power of technical progress. Footwear enterprises may slowly turn machine production, go into the final footwear design, or even possible acquisitions footwear brand.